Introduction
The Alliance of Sahel States (AES), comprising Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, is a coalition of neighboring Sahelian nations that have recently experienced coup d’états and have decided to establish a confederation among themselves. The military takeovers in these countries were accompanied by notable events. For instance, the military juntas’ seizures of powers were met with massive and forceful anti-France protests compelling France to withdraw from these territories. Subsequently, the three nations defected from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). In addition, the hoisting of Russian flags signaling dissatisfaction with the presence of Western countries like France and the United States (U.S.) and a search for alternatives was another significant event that occurred, precisely in Niger.