The EU-Türkiye related literature mostly concentrates on the EU’s expansion, its conditionality on Türkiye’s democratization, and the strategic dimension of the relationship. Ilbiz and Kaunert, however, adopt a holistic approach to how the paradigm shifts in Turkish counter-terrorism policies that occurred during these periods to point out their basis in different domestic and EU-level factors and conclude with a remarkable articulation in contrast to the argument within the literature regarding the EU diffusing its norms for “altruistic” reasons. They argue that the EU is a rational actor only concerned with self-interest.