Introduction
As is well-known, since the 15th century, relations between states have been conducted from state to state through appointed permanent envoys, known as diplomats. This form of interaction, termed “diplomacy,” has undergone various transformations, occurring at times between heads of state and at other times involving ambassadors and envoys representing states. Through diplomacy, states have sought to peacefully resolve disputes and avoid resorting to war. Diplomacy is often regarded as civilization’s greatest achievement in preventing the unilateral exercise of power in inter-state relations. While it remains a pivotal tool in shaping contemporary international relations, it is not the sole instrument at play. The success of the traditional diplomatic model can also be attributed to public diplomacy, a modern method. The traditional diplomatic model, which seeks to leverage advancements in communication and transportation technologies, as well as the global interconnectedness fostered by globalization and the accessibility to vast audiences through social media or internet channels, is no longer as effective today. Conversely, the public diplomacy model, a new approach, has gained prominence. Public diplomacy facilitates a transformation in state-to-state relations, evolving into a strategic communication model that engages not only with states but also directly with people and even among different populations.1
